Língua Estrangeira (Inglês II)
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If You Can’t Master English, Try Globish
PARIS — It happens all the time: during an airport delay the man to the left, a Korean perhaps, starts talking to the man opposite, who might be Colombian, and soon they are chatting away in what seems to be English. But the native English speaker sitting between them cannot understand a word.
They don’t know it, but the Korean and the Colombian are speaking Globish, the latest addition to the 6,800 languages that are said to be spoken across the world. Not that its inventor, Jean-Paul Nerrière, considers it a proper language.
“It is not a language, it is a tool,” he says. “A language is the vehicle of a culture. Globish doesn’t want to be that at all. It is a means of communication.”
Nerrière doesn’t see Globish in the same light as utopian efforts such as Kosmos, Volapuk, Novial or staunch Esperanto. Nor should it be confused with barbaric Algol (for Algorithmic language). It is a sort of English lite: a means of simplifying the language and giving it rules so it can be understood by all.
BLUME, M. Disponível em: www.nytimes.com. Acesso em: 28 out. 2013 (fragmento).
Considerando as ideias apresentadas no texto, o Globish (Global English) é uma variedade da língua inglesa que
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A Tall Order
The Sky isn’t the limit for an architect building the world’s first invisible skyscraper.
Charles Wee, one of the world’s leading high-rise architects, has a confession to make: he’s bored with skyscrapers. After designing more than 30, most of which punctuate the skylines of rapidly expanding Asian cities, he has struck upon a novel concept: the first invisible skyscraper.
As the tallest structure in South Kora, his infinity Tower will loom over Seoul until somebody pushes a button and it completely disappears.
When he entered a 2004 competition to desing a landmark tower, the Korean-American architect rejected the notion of competing with Dubai, Toronto, and Shangai to reach the summit of man-made summits. “I thought, let’s not jump into this stupid race to build another “tallest” tower, he says in a phone conversation. “Let’s take an opposite approach – let’s make an anti-tower.
The result will be a 150-story building that fades from view at the flick of a switch. The tower will effectively function as an enormous television screen, being able to project an exact replica of whatever is happening behind it onto its façade. To the human eye, the building will appear to have melted away.
It will be the most extraordinary achievement of Wee’s stellar architectural career. After graduating from UCLA, he worked under Anthony Lumsden, a prolific Californian architect who helped devise the modern technique of wrapping buildings inside smooth glass skins.
HINES, N. Disponível em: http://mag.newsweek.com. Acesso em 13 out 2013 (adaptado).
No título e no subtítulo desse texto, as expressões A Tall Order e The sky isn’t the limit são usadas para apresentar uma matéria cujo tema é
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Masters of War
Como you masters of war
You that build all the guns
You that build the death planes
You that build the death planes
You that build all the bombs
You that build hide behind walls
You that build hide behind desks
I just want you to know
I can see through your masks.
You that never done nothing
But build to destroy
You play with my world
Like it’s your little toy
You put a gun in my hand
And you hide from my eyes
And you turn and run farther
When the fast bullets fly.
Like Judas of old
You lie and deceive
A world war can be won
You want me to believe
But I see through your eyes
And I see through your brain
Like I see through the water
That runs down my drain.
BOB DYLAN. The Freewheelin’Bob Dylan. Nova York: Columbia Records, 1963 (fragmento).
Na letra da canção Masters of War, há questionamentos e reflexões que aparecem na forma de protesto contra
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The Road Not Taken (by Robert Frost)
Two roads diverged in a wood, and I – I took the one less traveled by.
And that has made all the difference. Disponível em: www.poetryfoundation.org. Acesso em: 29 nov. 2011 (fragmento).
Estes são os versos finais do famoso poema The Road Not Taken, do poeta americano Robert Frost. Levando-se em consideração que a vida é comumente metaforizada como uma viagem, esses versos indicam que o autor
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Notice of Baggage Inspection
To protect you and your fellow passengers, the Transportation Security Administration (TSA) is required by law to inspect all checked baggage. As part of this process, some bags are opened and physically inspected. Your bag was among those selected for physical inspection. During the inspection, your bag and its contents may have been searched for prohibited items. At the completion of inspection, the contents were returned to your bag.
If the TSA screener was unable to open your bag for inspection because it was locked, the screener may have been forced to break the locks on your bag.
TSA sincerely regrets having to do this, however, TSA is not liable for damage to your locks resulting from this necessary security precaution.
For packing tips and suggestions on how to secure your baggage during you next trip, please visit:
www.TSATravelTips.us.
————————————————————————
Smart security Saves Times
Transportation Security Administration. Disponível em: www.tsa.gov. Acesso em: 13 jan. 2010 (adaptado).
As instituições públicas fazem uso de avisos como instrumento de comunicação com o cidadão. Esse aviso, voltado a passageiros, tem o objetivo de
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My brother the star, my mother the earth
my father the sun, my sister the moon,
to my life give beauty, to my
body give strength, to my corn give
goodness, to my house give peace, to
my spirit give truth, to my elders give
wisdom.
Disponível em: www.blackhawkproductions.com. Acesso em: 8 ago. 2012.
Produções artístico-culturais revelam visões de mundo próprias de um grupo social. Esse poema demonstra a estreita relação entre a tradição oral da cultura indígena norte-americana e a
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Why am I compelled to write? Because the writing saves me from this complacency I fear. Because I have no choice. Because I must keep the spirit of my revolt and myself alive. Because the world I create in the writing compensates for what the real world does not give me. By writing I put order in the world, give it a handle so I can grasp it.
ANZALDÚA, G. E. Speaking in tongues: a letter to third world women writers. In: HERNANDEZ, J. B. (Ed.). Women writing resistance: essays on Latin America and the Caribbean. Boston: South End, 2003.
Gloria Evangelina Anzaldúa, falecida em 2004, foi uma escritora americana de origem mexicana que escreveu sobre questões culturais e raciais. Na citação, o intuito da autora é evidenciar as
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How fake images change our memory and behaviour
For decades, researchers have been exploring just how unreliable our own memories are. Not only is memory fickle when we access it, but it's also quite easily subverted and rewritten. Combine this susceptibility with modem image-editing software at our fingertips like Photoshop, and it's a recipe for disaster. In a world where we can witness news and world events as they unfold, fake images surround us, and our minds accept these pictures as real, and remember them later. These fake memories don't just distort how we see our past, they affect our current and future behaviour too – from what we eat, to how we protest and vote. The problem is there's virtually nothing we can do to stop it.
Old memories seem to be the easiest to manipulate. In one study, subjects were showed images from their childhood. Along with real images, researchers snuck in manipulated photographs of the subject taking a hotair balloon ride with his or her family. After seeing those images, 50% of subjects recalled some part of that hot-air balloon ride – though the event was entirely made up.
EVELETH, R. Disponível em: www.bbc.com. Acesso em: 16 jan. 2013 (adaptado).
A reportagem apresenta consequências do uso de novas tecnologias para a mente humana. Nesse contexto, a memória das pessoas é influenciada pelo(a)
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Ebony and ivory
Ebony and ivory live together in perfect harmony
Side by side on my piano keyboard, oh Lord, why don’t we?
We all know that people are the same wherever we go
There is good and bad in ev’ryone,
We learn to live, we learn to give
Each other what we need to survive together alive
McCARTNEY, P. Disponível em: www.paulmccartney.com. Acesso em: 30 maio 2016.
Em diferentes épocas e lugares, compositores têm utilizado seu espaço de produção musical para expressar e problematizar perspectivas de mundo. Paul McCartney, na letra dessa canção, defende
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Frankentissue: printable cell technology
In November, researchers from the University of Wollongong in Australia announced a new bio-ink that is a step toward really printing living human tissue on an inkjet printer. It is like printing tissue dot-by-dot. A drop of bio-ink contains 10,000 to 30,000 cells. The focus of much of this research is the eventual production of tailored tissues suitable for surgery, like living Band-Aids, which could be printed on the inkjet.
However, it is still nearly impossible to effectively replicate nature’s ingenious patterns on a home office accessory. Consider that the liver is a series of globules, the kidney a set of pyramids. Those kinds of structures demand 3D printers that can build them up, layer by layer. At the moment, skin and other flat tissues are most promising for the inkjet.
Disponível em: http://discovermagazine.com. Acesso em: 2 dez. 2012.
O texto relata perspectivas no campo da tecnologia para cirurgias em geral, e a mais promissora para este momento enfoca o(a)
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Italian university switches to English
By Sean Coughlan, BBC News education correspondent 16 May 2012 Last updated at 09:49 GMT
Milan is crowded with Italian icons, which makes it even more of a cultural earthquake that one of Italy’s leading universities – the Politecnico di Milano – is going to switch to the English language. The university has announced that from 2014 most of its degree courses – including all its graduate courses – will be taught and assessed entirely in English rather than Italian.
The waters of globalisation are rising around higher education – and the university believes that if it remains Italian-speaking it risks isolation and will be unable to compete as an international institution. “We strongly believe our classes should be international classes – and the only way to have international classes is to use the English language”, says the university’s rector, Giovanni Azzone.
COUGHLAN, S. Disponível em: www.bbc.co.uk. Acesso em: 31 jul. 2012.
As línguas têm um papel importante na comunicação entre pessoas de diferentes culturas. Diante do movimento de internacionalização no ensino superior, a universidade Politecnico di Milano decidiu
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BOGOF is used as a noun as in ‘There are some great bogofs on at the supermarket’ or an adjective, usually with a word such as ‘offer’ or ‘deal’ – ‘there are some great bogof offers in store’.
When you combine the first letters of the words in a phrase or the name of an organisation, you have an acronym. Acronyms are spoken as a word so NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organisation) is not pronounced N-A-T-O. We say NATO. Bogof, when said out loud, is quite comical for a native speaker, as it sounds like an insult, ‘Bog off!’ meaning go away, leave me alone, slightly childish and a little old-fashioned.
BOGOF is the best-known of the supermarket marketing strategies. The concept was first imported from the USA during the 1970s recession, when food prices were very high. It came back into fashion in the late 1990s, led by big supermarket chains trying to gain a competitive advantage over each other. Consumers were attracted by the idea that they could get something for nothing. Who could possibly say ‘no’?
Disponível em: www.bbc.co.uk. Acesso em: 2 ago. 2012 (adaptado).
Considerando-se as informações do texto, a expressão “bogof” é usada para
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New vaccine could fight nicotine addiction
Cigarette smokers who are having trouble quitting because of nicotine’s addictive power may some day be able to receive a novel antibody-producing vaccine to help them kick the habit. The average cigarette contains about 4 000 different chemicals that — when burned and inhaled — cause the serious health problems associated with smoking. But it is the nicotine in cigarettes that, like other addictive substances, stimulates rewards centers in the brain and hooks smokers to the pleasurable but dangerous routine. Ronald Crystal, who chairs the department of genetic medicine at Weill-Cornell Medical College in New York, where researchers are developing a nicotine vaccine, said the idea is to stimulate the smoker’s immune system to produce antibodies or immune proteins to destroy the nicotine molecule before it reaches the brain.
BERMAN, J. Disponível em: www.voanews.com. Acesso em: 2 jul. 2012.
Muitas pessoas tentam parar de fumar, mas fracassam e sucumbem ao vício. Na tentativa de ajudar os fumantes, pesquisadores da Weill-Cornell Medical College estão desenvolvendo uma vacina que
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BANSKY. Disponível em: www.weburbanist.com. Acesso em: 2 ago. 2012.
Bansky é um grafiteiro famoso. Na obra pintada em um muro da cidade de Claremont, Califórnia, em 2007, ele fez uso de um trocadilho com a palavra “change”, o que caracteriza seu grafite como um protesto contra o
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(ENEM 2016 - Língua Inglesa - 2ª Aplicação).
Mauritius: gender roles and statuses
Division of Labor by Gender. The economic success of industry has led to low unemployment rates. This has changed the workplace and home life as women joined the workforce. This industrialization also led to women being promoted faster. According to the Minister of Women, Family Welfare, and Child Development, a quarter of all managers are now women.
Women are the traditional homekeepers of the society. Between 1985 and 1991 the number of women working outside the home increased from 22 percent to 41 percent. With that trend continuing, hired housekeeping and child care have become relatively new and important industries. The Relative Status of Women and Men. Historically, women have had subordinate roles in Mauritian society. However, the Constitution specifically prohibits discrimination based on sex, and women now have access to education, employment, and governmental services.
In March 1998 the Domestic Violence Act was passed. This gave greater protection and legal authority to combat domestic abuse. In that same year it also became a crime to abandon one’s family or pregnant spouse for more than two months, not to pay food support, or to engage in sexual harassment.
Women are underrepresented in the government. The National Assembly has seventy seats, of which women hold five.
Disponível em: www.everyculture.com. Acesso em: 4 fev. 2013.
Questões como o papel de homens e mulheres na sociedade contemporânea vêm sendo debatidas de diferentes pontos de vista, influenciados por valores culturais específicos de cada sociedade. No caso das Ilhas Maurício, esses valores sustentam a tomada de decisão em torno da
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Are Twitter and Facebook Affecting How We Think?
Is constant use of electronic gadgets reshaping our
brains and making our thinking shallower?
By Neil Tweedie
How many times do you click on your email icon in a day? Or look at Facebook, or Twitter? And how many times when reading on the internet do you click on a link navigating away from the text that was the original object of your enquiry? The web, it seems, is like an electronic sweet shop, forever tempting us in different directions. But does this mental promiscuity, this tendency to flit around online, make us, well, thicker?
Nicholas Carr, the American science writer, has mined this theme for his new book, "The Shallows", in which he argues that new media are not just changing our habits but our brains. It turns out that the mature human brain is not an immutable seat of personality and intellect but a changeable thing, subject to "neuroplasticity". When our activities alter, so does the architecture of our brain. "I,m not thinking the way I used to think," writes Carr. " I feel it most strongly when I,m reading.”
Disponível em: www.telegraph.co.uk. Acesso em: 27 fev. 2012.
Neil Tweedie levanta vários questionamentos sobre a utilização de diferentes recursos tecnológicos disponíveis hoje em dia. A partir desses questionamentos e dos argumentos do escritor norte-americano Nicholas Carr, o texto sugere que
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Getting Every Child to School
Right now 67 million children are missing out on their right to an education. They can,t go to school because they have to work to survive, because they are girls or even because there are no schools where they live.
Where will these children be when they grow up without the chance to learn? We,re working to make sure every child goes to school.
We,re helping build schools, train teachers, advocating girl,s education and reaching children who have to work or are caught up in emergencies with learning.
You can help uphold every child,s right to an education. Make a donation today to not only give children the chance to go to school, but also save their lives and protect their childhoods.
Disponível em: www.supportunicef.org. Acesso em: 20 maio 2013 (adaptado).
Essa campanha pretende contribuir para diminuir a desigualdade social, uma vez que
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On the Meaning of Being Chinese
Ethnically speaking, I feel I am complicated to classify, but who isn,t, right? To me, being Chinese.Brazilian in America means a history of living in three opposite cultures, and sometimes feeling that I did not belong in neither, a constant struggle that immigrants, and national citizens, face when their appearance is foreign to natives in the country. Jokingly, I say that I am Asian in America, Brazilian in China, and a "gringa" in Brazil. Nevertheless, I believe that dealing with these hard to reconcile extremes have somehow helped me to become more comfortable with my identity.
BELEZA LI. Disponível em: www.aiisf.org. Acesso em: 28 mar. 2014.
Nesse fragmento, Beleza Li resume sua experiência de vida ao descrever a complexidade em
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Hunger Games Review: Family Film Guide
Parent Concerns: There is definitely violence in this film. The central Hunger Games may not be as bloody and brutal as author Suzanne Collins describes in the novel, but there,s a visceral reaction to seeing the kid-on-kid violence rather than conjuring it in your own imagination. The tributes kill each other in a host of ways, from spear, knife and arrow wounds to hand-to-hand battles that leave teens with their heads smashed in or necks snapped. The editing is quick and the shots never linger on anything overly graphic, but there is blood and twenty-two adolescents, aged 12-18, die in the annual blood sport pageant. Immature teens, even if they,ve read the books, may not be ready to handle to the film just yet. A good rule of thumb: if they,re not old enough to be reaped into the Hunger Games, they,re probably not mature enough to see it.
ANGULO.CHEN, S. Disponível em: http://news.moviefone.com. Acesso em: 28 jun. 2012.
Produções literárias e cinematográficas estão, muitas vezes, articuladas. No caso do filme Hunger Games, a autora da resenha chama a atenção para a questão da violência, que é mais
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One of the things ‘that made an incredible impression on me in the film was Frida’s comfort in and celebration of her own unique beauty. She didn’t try to fit into conventional ideas or images about womanhood or what makes someone or something beautiful. Instead, she fully inhabited her own unique gifts, not particularly caring what other people thought. She was magnetic and beautiful in her own right. She painted for years, not to be a commercial success or to be discovered, but to express her own inner pain, joy, family, love and culture. She absolutely and resolutely was who she was. The trueness of her own unique vision and her ability to stand firmly in her own truth was what made her successful in the end.
HUTZLER, L. Disponível em: www.etbscreenwriting.com. Acesso em: 6 maio 2013.
A autora desse comentário sobre o filme Frida mostra-se impressionada com o fato de a pintora
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British Government to Recruit Teens as Next Generation of Spies ln the 50 years since the first James Bond movie created a lasting impression of a British secret agent, a completely different character is about to emerge. Britain’s intelligence agencies are to recruit their next generation of cyber spies by harnessing the talents of the “Xbox generation”.
In an expansion of a pilot program, Foreign Secretary William Hague announced Thursday that up to 100 18- year-olds will be given the chance to train for a career in Britain’s secret services. The move to recruit schoolleavers marks a break with the past, when agencies mainly drew their staff from among university graduates.
“Young people are the key to our country’s future success, just as they were during the war”, Hague said. “Today we are not at war, but I see evidence every day of deliberate, organized attacks against intellectual property and government networks in the United Kingdom.”
The new recruitment program, called the Single Intelligence Account apprenticeship scheme will enable students with suitable qualifications in science, technology or engineering, to spend two years learning about communications, security and engineering through formal education, technical training and work placements.
Jeary, P. Disponível em: http://worldnews.nbcnews.com. Acesso em: 19 nov. 2012.
Segundo informações veiculadas pelo NBC News, a geração digital já tem seu espaço conquistado nas agências britânicas de inteligência. O governo britânico decidiu que
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Letters Children and Guns
Published: May 7, 2013
To the Editor: Re “Girl’s Death by Gunshot Is Rejected as Symbol” (new article, May 6): I find it abhorrent that the people of Burkesville, Ky., are not willing to learn a lesson from the tragic shooting of a 2-year-old girl by her 5-year-old brother. I am not judging their lifestyle of introducing guns to children at a young age, but I do feel that it’s irresponsible not to practice basic safety with anything potentially lethal – guns, knives, fire and so on. How can anyone justify leaving guns lying around, unlocked and possibly loaded, in a home with two young children? I wish the family of the victim comfort during this difficult time, but to dismiss this as a simple accident leaves open the potential for many more such “accidents” to occur. I hope this doesn’t have to happen several more times for legislators to realize that something needs to be changed.
Emily Loubaton Brooklyn,
May 6, 2013
Disponível em: www.nytimes.com. Acesso em: 10 maio 2013.
No que diz respeito à tragédia ocorrida em Burkesville, a autora da carta enviada ao The New York Times busca
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Israel Travel Guide Israel has always been a standout destination. From the days of prophets to the modern day nomad this tiny slice of land on the eastern Mediteranean has long attracted visitors. While some arrive in the ‘Holy Land’ on a spiritual quest, many others are on cultural tours, beach holidays and eco-tourism trips. Weeding through Israel’s convoluted history is both exhilarating and exhausting. There are crumbling temples, ruined cities, abandoned forts and hundreds of places associated with the Bible. And while a sense of adventure is required, most sites are safe and easily accessible. Most of all, Israel is about its incredible diverse population. Jews come from all over the world to live here, while about 20% of the population is Muslim. Politics are hard to get away from in Israel as everyone has an opinion on how to move the country forward – with a ready ear you’re sure to hear opinions from every side of the political spectrum.
Disponível em: www.worldtravelguide.net. Acesso em: 15 jun. 2012.
Antes de viajar, turistas geralmente buscam informações sobre o local para onde pretendem ir. O trecho do guia de viagens de Israel.
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Disponível em: http://1.bp.blogspot.com. Acesso em: 30 jul. 2012.
Implementar políticas adequadas de alimentação e nutrição é uma meta prioritária em vários países do mundo. A partir da campanha If you can´t read it, why eat it?, os leitores são alertados para o perigo de
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Languages and cultures use non-verbal communication which conveys meaning. Although many gestures are similar in Trai and English such as nodding for affirmation many others are not shared. A good example of this is the ubiquitous “Thai smile”. The “smile” carries a far wider range of meanings in Thai than it does in English culture.
This can sometimes lead to serious communication breakdowns between Thais and English speakers. An example from my own early experience in Thailand illustrates the point. When confronting the Thai owner of a language school with administrative problems, complaints regarding student numbers in the class were met by a beaming smile and little else. I took this to mean lack of concern or an attempt to trivialise or ignore the problem.
I left the discussion upset and angry by what appeared to be the owner’s offhand attitude to my problems. It was only later when another native speaking English teacher, with considerably more experience of Thailand, explained that a smile meant an apology and the fact that the following day all my complaints had been addressed, that I fully understood the situation.
Disponível em: www.spring.org.uk. Acesso em: 11 jul. 2011 (fragmento).
Viver em um país estrangeiro pode ser uma experiência enriquecedora, embora possa também ser um desafio, pelo choque cultural.
A experiência relatada pelo autor do texto revela diferentes atribuições de sentido a um determinado comportamento, mostrando que naquela situação o sorriso indicava um(a)
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Tennesse Mountain Properties Description
Own a renovated house for less than $290 per month!!!!!! New windows, siding, flooring (laminate throughout and tile in entry way and bathroom), kitchen cabinets, counter top, back door, fresh paint and laundry on main floor. Heat billsare very low due to a good solid house and an energy efficient furnace.
Disponível em: www.freerealestaeads.net. Acesso em: 30 nov. 2011 (adaptado).
Em jornais, há diversos anúncios que servem aos leitores. O conteúdo do anúncio veiculado por este texto interessará a alguém que esteja procurando
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I read a study that measured the efficiency of locomotion for various species on the planet. The condor used the least energy to move a kilometer. Humans came in with a rather unimpressive showing about a third of the way down the list ... That didn’t look so good, but then someone at Scientific American had the insight to test the efficiency of locomotion for a man on a bicycle.
And a man on a bicycle blew the condor away. That’s what a computer is to me: the computer is the most remarkable tool that we’ve ever come up with. It’s the equivalent of a bicycle for our minds.
JOBS, S. Disponível em: www.msnbc.msn.com. Acesso em: 28 fev. 2012 (adaptado).
Ao abordar o deslocamento de várias espécies, com base em um estudo que leu, Steve Jobs apresenta o computador como uma ferramenta que
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Turning Brown
A four-year-old boy was eating an apple in the back seat of the car, when he asked, “Daddy, why is my apple turning brown?”
“Because,” his dad explained, “after you ate the skin off, the meat of the apple came into contact with the air, which caused it to oxidize, thus changing the molecular structure and turning it into a different color.”
There was a long silence. Then the son asked softly, “Daddy, are you talking to me?”
Disponível em: http://hayspost.com. Acesso em: 10 nov. 2011.
Considerando os participantes da conversa nessa piada, nota-se que o efeito de humor é obtido em função
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Horse or cow
Prior to taking retirement and selling off his land, a farmer needed to get rid of all the animals he owned, so he decided to call on every house in his village. At houses where the man was the boss, he gave a horse; at houses where the woman was the boss, he gave a dairy cow.
Approaching one cottage, he saw a couple gardening and called out, ‘Who’s the boss around here?’
‘I am,’ said the man.
The farmer said: ‘I have a black horse and a brown horse. Which one would you like?’
The man thought for a minute and said, ‘The black one.’
‘No, no, get the brown one,’ said his wife.
The farmer said, ‘Here’s your cow.’
TIBBALLS, G. The book of senior jokes. Great Britain: Michael O’Mara, 2009 (adaptado).
O texto relata o caso de um fazendeiro prestes a se aposentar e vender sua fazenda. O aspecto cômico desse texto provém da
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First Footing
One of the major Hogmany customs was "first-footing". Shortly after "the bells" – the stroke of midnight when public clocks would chime to signal the start of the new year –, neighbours would visit one another's houses to wish each other a good new year. This visiting was known as "first-footing", and the luckiest first-foot into any house was a tall, dark and handsome man — perhaps as a reward to the woman who traditionally had spent the previous day scrubbing her house (another Hogmanay ritual). Women or red heads, however, were always considered bad luck as first-foots.
First-foots brought symbolic gifts to "handsel" the house: coal for the fire, to ensure that the house would be warm and safe, and shortbread or black bun (a type of fruit cake) to symbolise that the household would never go hungry that year.
First-footing has faded in recent years, particularly with the growth of the major street celebrations in Edinburgh and Glasgow, although not the Scots love of a good party, of which there are plenty on the night!
Disponível em: www.visitscotland.com. Acesso em: 23 nov. 2011.
A partir da leitura do texto sobre a comemoração do Ano-novo na Escócia, observa-se que, com o tempo, aspectos da cultura de um povo podem ser
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(ENEM 2015 - Língua Inglesa - 2ª Aplicação).
36 hours in Buenos Aires
Contemporary Argentine history is a roller coaster of financial booms and cracks, set to gripping political soap operas. But through all the highs and lows, one thing has remained constant: Buenos Aires’s graceful elegance and cosmopolitan cool. This attractive city continues to draw food lovers, design buffs and party people with its riotous night life, fashion-forward styling and a favorable exchange rate. Even with the uncertain economy, the creative energy and enterprising spirit of Porteños, as residents are called, prevail just look to the growing ranks of art spaces, boutiques, restaurants and hotels.
SINGER, P. Disponível em: www.nytimes.com. Acesso em: 30 jul. 2012.
Nesse artigo de jornal, Buenos Aires é apresentada como a capital argentina, que
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(ENEM 2015 - Língua Inglesa - 2ª Aplicação).
Disponível em: www.globalwarming.org. Acesso em: 31 jul. 2012 (adaptado).
A emissão de gases tóxicos na atmosfera traz diversas consequências para nosso planeta. De acordo com o gráfico, retirado do texto Global warming is an international issue, observa-se que
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(ENEM 2015 - Língua Inglesa - 2ª Aplicação).
Disponível em: www.barhampc.kentparishes.gov.uk. Acesso em: 31 jul. 2012.
Uma campanha pode ter por objetivo conscientizar a população sobre determinada questão social.
Na campanha realizada no Reino Unido, a frase “A third of the food we buy in the UK ends up being thrown away" foi utilizada para enfatizar o(a)
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